A 6 month delay since you posted this issue, but this happened to me yesterday. I have been searching for an answer online since and your message is the closest to what happened to me.
I am driving a Kadjar 1.4 petrol model which is only 6 weeks old.
Like you I was driving, going at around 30mph and luckily there were no cars around me.
Suddenly the Kadjar braked heavily, like an emergency stop, and the steering became heavy. I managed to steer into the side of the road and come to a stop. As I was looking for other vehicles around me to be able to pull over, I did not get a chance to look at the dashboard for any icons, but can say that the car did sound a continuous "Ding Ding Ding Ding Ding!" alarm as it happened.
I restarted the car and noted that there were no issues flagged up on the dashboard. Everything looked normal. So I drove off and have experienced nothing further.
I considered that it may have been the Assisted Emergency Brakes but as there was nobody around me and the steering became heavy, I am now thinking that it may have been a loss of the power steering. I doubt that the AEB would cause a loss of steering (and there were no cars or obstacles around me), while I cannot find any mention that the car would do an emergency stop if the power steering failed, but I suppose that would make sense.
Of course I am now worried about driving in case this happens again, especially as I do motorway driving every day.
I have contacted Renault who have logged the incident and are going to call me back in 48 hours to see how I have got on.